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Wed, Dec 15, 2004
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Robotic Fish From China
Parasitic Worm Hope for Crohn's
Stressful Deadlines Boost Heart Attack Risk

Robotic Fish From China
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The robofish is used to swim not just in water, but in icy lakes of methane and ammonia.
A robotic fish designed for underwater archaeology, mapping, water cultivation and even fishing has been co-developed by the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Automation Research Institute (of the Chinese Academy of Sciences).
According to SPACE.com, the black-bodied robot fish is about four feet long, and resembles a real fish in both shape and movement. The robot is controlled remotely with a palm-sized control pad. It also has automatic navigation controls and swims at about four kilometers per hour for up to three hours.
The robofish from China is described as being "flexible in action, easy to operate and makes little disturbance to surrounding environment." It has been tested in an underwater search of a sunken warship last August.
This sophisticated robot might be the direct ancestor of the Mitsubishi turbot, the robofish that is the star of Michael Swanwick's 2002 novelette Slow Life. In the story, astronauts gamely explore Titan, one of the moons of Saturn, while doing good public relations by answering constant questions posed for them over the Web. The robofish is used to swim not just in water, but in icy lakes of methane and ammonia.
Consuelo carefully cleaned both of her suit's gloves in the sea, then seized the shrink-wrap's zip tab and yanked. The plastic parted. Awkwardly, she straddled the fish, lifted it by the two side-handles, and walked it into the dark slush.
She set the fish down. The Mitsubishi turbot wriggled, as if alive. With one fluid motion, it surged forward, plunged, and was gone. Lizzie switched over to the fishcam.
Black liquid flashed past the turbot's infrared eyes. Straight away from the shore it swam, seeing nothing but flecks of paraffin, ice, and other suspended particulates as they loomed up before it and were swept away in the violence of its wake.

Parasitic Worm Hope for Crohn's
Parasitic worms may be an effective treatment for the inflammatory bowel disorder Crohn's disease, research in the US suggests.
According to BBC News Online, a University of Iowa team found most of 29 Crohn's patients who swallowed a type of parasitic worm over a 24-week period showed an improvement.
It is thought that helminths, such as roundworms and threadworms, may prevent Crohn's in the developing world.
Crohn's disease rates are relatively high in the developed world, where few people carry helminths.
But in the developing world, where it is relatively common for people to harbor these worms, rates of Crohn's are much lower.
In the developing world it is common for the worms' eggs to contaminate food, water, air, faeces, pets and wild animals.
And they are also found on toilet seats and door handles. Once inside the body, the eggs usually lodge in the bowel, where they hatch into worms.
Unlike other parasitic worms, such as tapeworms, they do not cause disease, and do not invade other parts of the body.
In the latest study, 29 adults with moderately active Crohn's disease swallowed 2,500 whipworm eggs of the species Trichuris suis--commonly found in pigs--every three weeks for 24 weeks in total.
Most of the patients had had their symptoms for around four years and standard treatment had not worked.

Stressful Deadlines Boost Heart Attack Risk
The pressure of meeting a work deadline can produce a six-fold increase in the risk of suffering a heart attack over the course of the following day. And competition at work could double the ongoing risk, according to New Scientist.
Previous research has shown that intense anger, sexual activity and emotional stress can all lead to heart attacks. But this is the first time having an intense work deadline has been singled out as a trigger for heart attack over such a short timescale.
"This is potentially important for patients and for Swedish work law," says lead author Jette M?ller of the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden. "Changes in the labor market organization have created more stress and people should be aware of the impact on health." She cites workload, lower job security and increased competition in the workplace as factors.
The study questioned nearly 1400 heart attack survivors from the Stockholm area, aged 45 to 70, about the period leading up to their first heart attack. They were compared with a control group of about 1700 people who had not had a heart attack.
The results show that intense pressure over a short period increased the risk of a heart attack more than a build up of stress over an entire year, and that the heart attack can follow very soon after this spell of increased pressure. Amongst the heart attack group, 8% had faced a significant event at work less than 24 hours before their attack.
However, long-term changes also play a part. Taking on extra responsibility at work over the last year - if viewed negatively by the participant - increased the chance of a heart attack by almost four times in women and over six times in men. And a deterioration in financial situation tripled the risk of a heart attack amongst women.