Ahovan is located 40 Km east of the city of Semnan. There are two caravansaries: the one in stone, Robat Anushirvani, belongs to Sassanid era; the brick one to the Safavid era.
It is situated almost directly opposite the Safavid caravansary. The building is square, 75x75 sq. m, and it is built with 4-verandas.
According to Caroun website, the exterior of the building consists of a portal entrance on the north side; measuring 4.55 m.
Towers are located at each of the 4 corners of the Robat. There are 3 semi-towers on the east, west and south walls, as well as 2 on the north wall. There are 26 chambers situated around the courtyard, each has a veranda. The four verandas and chambers are not equal in size. The north veranda is 16.80x4.55, while the east is 17.40x4.85 m. There are 4 rectangular stables with different sizes at 4 corners of the Robat. The northwest stable measures 14.20x10.50 m, while the one to the northeast is 13.70x11.10 m.
The entire structure is of stone, brick, cement and mortar. Early Islamic period Caravansaries, as Robat Karim on Saveh road and Qaleh-Sangi near Tehran, has features in common with Robat Anushirvani.
The building was repaired during Il-Khanid and Safavid eras and part of restoration is still visible in the portal entrance and vestibule.
Ahovan Safavid Caravansary
The building is square, 74x74 sq. m. It is designed and built with 4-verandas plan. The portal entrance is on the southern side and measures 5 meters.
The vaulted main entrance leads into a domed vestibule, which in turn opens into the shallow south veranda. The interior courtyard is also rectangular and measures 32x40 m.
On the cross axes of the central courtyard are 4 verandas, 4.75x5.50 m. Twenty-four chambers, each 2.90x3.35 m, located behind the courtyard arcades. Stables are behind the chambers. The floor is of earth and walls are constructed of fired bricks.
This Safavid Caravansary had one marble inscription, a poem, in Thulth script, at the top of the entrance before it was stolen. It read that at the time of Shah Soleiman Safavi, 1685, the caravansary was erected to serve pilgrims on their way to the shrine of Imam Reza (PBUH), city of Mashhad.
Safavid Caravansary of Ahovan was used until the 20th century. Later the army took control.

The Dowlatabad garden has an aggregate of buildings which were designed and constructed during the time of Mohammad Taqi Khan in the Zandieh era in the city of Yazd
According to Irantravel website, it was the residence of Khan and his government and officials. The wind trapper of this garden is 33 meters high and is considered an architectural masterpiece and a symbol of the Yazdi architects’ genius, mental ability, talent and art.
The most significant characteristic of the design of the buildings is believed to be the attempt of the architect in selecting tactful angles for providing the best views and landscape.
Dowlatabad garden is regarded as one of the sites worth visiting due to verdant gardening skill in landscape architecture, irrigation method, and richness of architectural design. It is for this reason that the same has been recorded as a historic building.

Turkmen is a Turkish clan living now in north of Iran, north of Afghanistan and east of Caspian Sea, in the republics of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
According to Caroun website, this people, though having preserved their originality, have lost many traditions, whether during the wars with adjacent people, or under influence of governing cultures of neighbors, so it is quite difficult to follow their history. They, more than anything, are fond of their carpets, have woven it in various features and different sizes, to supply their various needs of migration and semi-decamping life and cause delight to migratory way of living.
Recent evolutions, have deprived the world of their woven handicrafts of tribes such as mirror-case, spoon case and salt container (Namakdan), to the best carpets that family weave as dowry to offer to its daughter, ..., of pitchers, saddle covers, bridles, siliques to the various pieces used to closing, covering of curtain or in a tent.
Some woven materials used as bed, suitcase or ornament were symbols of economic-financial position and social value of the family and at the same time could remove financial problems of family; today, most of those hand-woven materials are replaced by modern synthetics in cities.
Tribes, specially Turkmen, were so elaborate and skillful, that they created wonderful collection with most simple and primitive tools. Those objects, sometimes, specially on wedding, were exhibited on horses or camels.
At the same time, those carpets, though carefully and elaborately woven, were not durable and soon became threadbare, therefore only some samples of those carpets are remind, which notwithstanding the accidents and happenings are saved, in the course of time.
The oldest sample goes back no further than the 18th century AD when the history of Turkmen carpet was not quite clear.
Like every tribe, economic foundation of Turkmen is animal husbandry, but geographic and political situations sometimes produced better opportunities for tribe, such as agriculture.
During the time, Turkmen were not so much attached to government, though they were effective, sometimes in formation of governments or their governing forces. Another source of their income is participation in transport business and securing caravan roads or international highways, spread from West China to Anatolia.

Turkmen Designs and Ornaments
Flower is one of designs used in Turkmen carpets, in more than twenty different images appropriated to special form in various tribes, what we could find in all Turkish language tribes called as “Gul“ and in Persian language and clans as “Howz“.
Turkmen “Gul“ (flower) is the same Iranian medallion, which is repeated in designs of Turkmen carpet. This sort of design, i.e. design of repetitive flowers (double medallion), has been in vogue until short of Timurid era, expensive carpets of the court of Iran, also is seen in miniatures of 15th to 17th century AD.
Nowadays, Turkmen flowers are in two categories. First group are very similar to each other, so that if we compare them, we come to conclusion that probably they are from the same unique origin and their separation is due to tribal taste-trying. Next group are those flowers, having no similarity to other flowers, perhaps they had separate source, such as: Flint, Khastaz and Taviz.
Images
Turkmen carpet attracted the attention of researchers at least since the last decades of 19th century. As long as the first collection of Turkmen carpets found its way to western museums and private collections, merit of this carpet with its images, its basic images, its colors and special weaving of Turkmen was recognized. In Russia and later in USSR, in Europe and USA, writing about this carpet began and still in prevalence.
Turkmen carpets, although following Iranian images, have Turkmen specialty and specification. Turkmen carpets occupy a special place of the history of Iranian carpet weaving; only in the field of “color“, they still work according to daily possibilities. In course of time more alterations were made, but whatever remained stable was the basic and Turkmen images, which have stayed on the level of pre-Safavid Iranian weaving.
The other point, probably effective in formation and mostly in historical trend and achieving the final feature of Turkmen images, were the geometric images in informal art of decoration of Central Asia. These factors could not be effect less in formation of images belonging to Turkmen, Uzbeks and other nations of Central Asia.

Situated on the eastern side of Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan, Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque was constructed between 1602 to 1619 AD during the reign of the Safavid King Shah Abbas I.
According to Persi website, the monument’s architect was Mohammadreza Isfahani. He solved the problem of the difference between the direction of the Ka’bah and gateway of the building by devising a connecting vestibule between the entrance and the enclosure.
The diameter of the inner dome is 12m laid on walls with a thickness of 170cm. One of the unique characteristics of the mosque is the peacock at the center of its dome. If one stands at the entrance gate of the inner hall and looks at the center of the dome, a peacock whose tail is the sunrays coming in from the hole in the ceiling could be seen. The mosque was named after Sheikh Lotfollah, a religious leader from what is now Lebanon who was invited to Isfahan and was paid special attention by the Safavid king.